Abstract
There is an overwhelming number of sensor types for the mechanical domain available, operating on various physical principles. A particular mechanical construction converts the displacement or force to be measured into an electrical, optical, or magnetic quantity that can then be measured by one of the methods discussed before. This chapter discusses sensors for measuring linear and rotational displacement, and force. Principally, a force sensor consists of a displacement sensor with a spring element. An accelerometer can be derived from a force sensor using a seismic mass. The following classes of sensors for the measurement of displacement and force is reviewed: resistive sensors, capacitive displacement sensors, magnetic and inductive displacement sensors, optical sensors, piezoelectric force sensors and accelerometers, and finally ultrasonic displacement sensors.
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