Abstract

The linear functional is central to the study of linear programming. The quadratic form is frequently useful in statistics, engineering, and physics. This chapter discusses each of these types of functions. Let V be a vector space over the field F. A linear transformation of V into F is called a linear functional on V. The set of all linear functionals on V is denoted by V*. A linear functional on V is a scalar-valued function ƒ defined on V that has the property ƒ( au + bv) = aƒ(u) + bƒ(v) for all u, v Є V. V* is a vector space over F. There are several interesting relations between V and V*. The matrix of the real quadratic form q relative to x1, x2, …, xn is unique.

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