Abstract
This chapter investigates the use of biochemical markers in Mussels and Mytilus sp. and presents a data analysis of a pollution monitoring study carried out in the European coasts. BIOMAR Project was initiated in order to validate a global approach based on multimarker measurement as a diagnostic of pollution status. A similar approach is used in human disease diagnostic by measuring biochemical parameters in blood. This multimarker approach involves specific statistical analysis for patterns discriminating between the different locations in relation with their pollution level as evaluated by chemical measurements. The chapter applies both the discriminant analysis and the scale classification approach to biomarkers measured in marine mussels during the BIOMAR cruise and evaluates their potential application in assessment of marine environmental quality. Biomarker measurements and chemical contaminant data determined in marine mussels and collected during BIOMAR cruises (Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic Ocean) have been compiled and statistically treated to get a Multimarker Pollution Index (MPI). The discreminant analysis shows a significant difference between the studied sites. The MPI allows the ranking of the sites according to a pollution classification scale from 1 to 5.
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