Abstract
Poisoning of livestock and companion animals by plants is a sporadically occurring clinical problem. This chapter discusses the necessity for the accurate identification of the poisonous plant and its diagnosis of plant poisoning in large and small animals; the diagnosis must be based on a thorough history, clinical signs, and samples that have undergone laboratory analysis. Commonly occurring household and garden plants that are poisonous for small animals are also presented. For livestock, which can be poisoned by many different plants, the conditions conductive to plant poisoning and the predictive and toxicity factors (age, species, boredom, changes in surroundings, behavioral abnormalities, and plants) are discussed. This chapter presents the main poisonous plants (wild plants, houseplants, and illicit drug plants) that affect domestic animals in European countries, including the scientific and common names, the toxicity, the poisonous principle or the conditions of poisoning, and the clinical presentation for each toxic plant. The wide variability in toxic reactions to the same plant is presented as well as the nonspecific and specific treatments. Nonspecific treatment decontamination procedures (i.e., gastric decontamination, enemas, laxatives and purgatives (cathartics), and enhanced removal and elimination) and specific treatment procedures are explained. Finally, supportive therapy is described for plant-poisoned animals.
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