Abstract
In recent decades, the application of rare-earth elements (REEs) has become apparent in numerous technological sectors. The gap in the supply and demand of REEs, as well as the increasing pollution of REEs, has raised the need for the removal and recovery of these elements from both secondary sources and waste streams. Hybrid bionanocomposites synthesized using various combinations of organic–inorganic matrices have the potential to remove and recover REEs from aqueous medium. The research focuses on the synthesis of five different bionanocomposites using different organic–inorganic matrices, the characterization of prepared bionanocomposites, their application for the removal of REEs, the kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies, the determination of possible REE adsorption mechanism on bionanocomposites, and their regeneration abilities.
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