Abstract
PTSD is a chronic, highly debilitating condition that can develop following exposure to traumatic events. Unfortunately, less than 20%–30% of patients with PTSD achieve full remission following pharmacological treatment. As such, there is a need for novel, nonpharmacological alternatives that can facilitate recovery from PTSD. Brain stimulation approaches have been widely used as treatments for mood disorders, and a growing literature is investigating the capacity of these approaches to treat PTSD symptoms. Results from these studies demonstrate feasibility and preliminary efficacy; however, optimizing brain stimulation efficacy remains a crucial goal that requires a better understanding of the neurobiology associated with this disorder. The present chapter describes neurocircuitry models of PTSD as they relate to systems that are specifically accessible through brain stimulation. We then review existing brain stimulation studies that have addressed PTSD and associated outcomes before concluding with proposals for optimizing rTMS efficacy in PTSD treatment.
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