Chapter 7 - (Micro)plastics in aquatic systems: Current research focal areas, under-studied matrices, and future directions

Abstract

(Micro)plastics is a broad term referring to all forms of plastic pollution including plastic wastes, (micro)plastics and nanoplastics. (Micro)plastics in aquatic systems have received considerable research attention, and several reviews exist on the topic. However, limited reviews exist documenting the currently most studied aspects, understudied aquatic matrices, and future research needs. In addition, a summary of the data needs in low-income countries is still lacking. To address these knowledge gaps, the present study examined evidence to investigate the current research and information needs on (micro)plastics in aquatic environments. The chapter first presents a summary of the current research, including reviews on (micro)plastics in aquatic systems to identify the most studied aspects. A close examination of the evidence is then conducted to identify under-studied aquatic matrices, and aspect on (micro)plastics. Current evidence and research needs in low-income countries are discussed. Research constraints in low-income regions and proposals to address them are discussed. Finally, future research directions, comprising ten (10) key knowledge gaps are proposed. These knowledge gaps should constitute and drive the global research agenda on (micro)plastics in aquatic systems.