Abstract
This chapter describes inflammation-sensitive synthetic polymeric structures used today for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. First, the inflammatory microenvironment hallmarks are briefly described (i.e., ELVIS effect, overexpressed surface receptor, acidosis, high levels of reactive oxygen species, or overexpressed enzymes). The different targeting strategies are summarized: passive targeting, cell-mediated targeting, and active targeting, followed by relevant recent examples. Moreover, the most commonly used pH-sensitive, ROS-sensitive, and enzyme-sensitive polymeric structures are defined, and an overview of the recent literature is presented. Finally, current and future trends in this field and main conclusions are depicted.
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