Abstract
DNA helicases are also called molecular motors. They unwind the DNA with the help of ATP hydrolysis, and thus facilitate the replication and transcription processes. In addition to the general functions of DNA helicases in DNA replication, DNA repair and recombination, chromosome segregation, and transcription initiation; a number of other processes that are controlled by DNA helicases have recently been discovered. Studies have suggested that DNA helicases may play a role in plant DNA recombination, as it is prominent during the meiotic prophase of plants. Many aspects of DNA helicases have yet to be studied. Some of these are the structural biology of the different helicases, the molecular mechanisms that specify their cellular functions, and so forth. In this chapter, we have summarized some of the studies on plant DNA helicases, such as PDH45, KU, SUV3, XPB, XPD, nucleolin, and mini-chromosome maintenance proteins. The role of plant DNA helicases in abiotic stress tolerance is also discussed.
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