Abstract
Anteaters are edentulous, and other members of this order (sloths, armadillos) have simplified dentitions, which, except in the armadillo genus Dasypus, are monophyodont. Dasypus shows delayed eruption of the dentition. Teeth do not occur on the premaxilla, and anterior teeth are generally absent in adult xenarthrans: only two-toed sloths possess canines. The cheek teeth are “molariform” cylindrical, continuously growing teeth, which lack enamel. Sloths are arboreal and eat mainly leaves but also other plant parts and insects. They have a very lethargic way of life, which is related to the slow rate of cellulose digestion. Armadillos are terrestrial and eat principally insects and termites, although some species eat a range of animal food and also some plant material. The dentition consists of small, molariform teeth with V-shaped occlusal surfaces, which alternate with the teeth in the opposing jaw. The tongue is furnished with barbs and is used extensively in gathering food.
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