Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL ACT) is an emerging area of immunotherapy for cancer. This chapter will summarize the evolution of this therapy over the last 3 decades. Early studies utilized IL-2 to stimulate in situ T-cells to target cancer. The current approach involves isolating TILs from surgically harvested tumor, stimulating and expanding the TILs, and reinfusion as ACT. Many processes have been tried to make the TILs more active against tumor including engineering the cells to targeting neoantigens, stimulation of the TILs ex vivo to target tumor neoantigens. Methods have also been devised to enhance TIL engraftment by alteration of the tumor immune microenvironment and to enhance TIL longevity by augmenting TIL products for desired cellular phenotypes. The importance to lymphodepletion of the patient prior to TIL administration will also be summarized. The most important trials supporting these protocol steps in TIL generation and administration are summarized.
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