Chapter 6 - Tetanus

Abstract

Maternal and neonatal tetanus remains a leading cause of preventable maternal and neonatal mortality in many developing countries. Maternal tetanus is associated with abortion, miscarriages and unhygienic delivery conditions, whereas neonatal tetanus occurs secondary to poor post-partum cord care practices. The Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus Elimination Program (MNTE) launched by World Health Assembly aims to eliminate MNT through promotion of clean birth and neonatal care practices, as well as maternal immunization with tetanus toxoid. Immunization of pregnant women or women of childbearing age with tetanus toxoid is an inexpensive, effective and safe strategy to prevent maternal and neonatal tetanus. There has been a dramatic reduction in maternal and neonatal tetanus incidence worldwide because of MNPT, however maintaining high access to clean delivery and sustaining high routine immunization coverage with tetanus toxoid in pregnant women and women of childbearing age in addition to childhood vaccines are essential. The evidence accumulated for the effectiveness and safety of maternal tetanus vaccination has also contributed to the increased acceptance and uptake of other vaccines given during pregnancy.