Abstract
Specific and accurate detection of biological analytes has historically been a challenge, particularly in vivo, due to low quantities of biomolecules and lack of technology to noninvasively perform measurements. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an analytical technique that enhances the electric field where an incident laser strikes a substance of interest, causing photons to be strongly inelastically scattered according to the substance's bonds and vibrational modes. New research is exploring the engineering design challenges of building SERS-based detection strategies that can be utilized either in vivo in patients or in vitro using enhancement substrates for improved diagnosis. Demonstrating their safety and ability to sensitively and reliably detect cancer biomarkers and perform multiplexed measurements of known Raman reporter labels is crucial to the understanding and adoption of SERS-based diagnostics into the clinical workflow.
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