Abstract
Centuries ago, natural medicines were used to diagnose and reduce human diseases. In recent years, natural products derived from plant origin are major sources for drug development, therefore playing a dominant role in different spheres of human life. The amounts of bioactive phytoconstituents in various plant extracts appear to be consistently low. To improve the qualitative and quantitative features of plant extracts, a highly precise and accurate extraction protocol is required for the selective and effective extraction of photo components from raw materials. In recent years, greener extraction methods such as supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction have been highlighted. Different parameters such as temperature, pressure, extraction duration, selection and concentration of enzymes, pH, etc., are key factors for better productivity. This chapter enlightens the critical aspects of various extraction protocols used in the herbal-based pharmaceutical sector in the manufacturing of herbal medicines.
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