Chapter 6 - Poaching and Poisoning of Tigers in Sumatra for the Domestic Market

Abstract

There is a dimension of the illegal trade in tigers and tiger parts that has been around much longer, but often receives much less attention: the harvesting, trade, and consumption of tigers and tiger derivatives for domestic markets. This chapter presents the results of various studies, and by reviewing and comparing the results to other studies also undertaken in Sumatra, poaching of tigers in Sumatra is demonstrated. The data were verified by cross-checking between independent informants and intelligence networks. The two primary methods reported were the use of snares made from metal cables 0.5 cm in diameter and poison applied to dead dogs, chickens, or livestock. Informants identified three distinct groups of poachers: professionals, “amateur” opportunists, and members of the military and police. Professional poachers rely on stealth, need time to set multiple snares, and thus are probably more likely responsible for tiger losses inside core areas of parks. The result of the study reveals several important trends, some of which have not been addressed in Indonesia before, and confirms trends identified by others that remain relevant today. The international trade in tigers absolutely must be shut down, but this study is a potent reminder that ultimately, it is the local trade that must also be controlled for tigers to survive.