Chapter 6 - Perspective on attributes of modeling and simulation tools for effective reactor core analysis

Abstract

Effective modeling and simulation (M&S) can improve the safety and performance of nuclear power plants. With an increase in investment in nuclear energy, it is important to continue to support its commercialization through modern M&S tools and draw inspiration from other industries with a successful track record in digitalization. However, there are unique practical challenges for nuclear energy and reactor core analysis that must be overcome. Nuclear core analysis still involves the prediction of highly imprecise physics and the development of independent tools for licensing and auditing purposes and strong and complex multiphysics feedback. This chapter outlines a perspective on the attributes of a successful M&S toolkit for core analysis, focusing on neutronics, thermal-hydraulics, fuel performance, and multiphysics coupling domains. An approach similar to phenomena identification ranking tables is recommended to be the first critical step in setting the envelope of M&S development needs. This methodology also identifies and prioritizes key resource-intensive experiments that need to be done before M&S tools can be qualified and familiarizes code developers with regulatory guidelines and limits. A balance on investment between core design optimization tools and higher fidelity tools is also recommended. Timely R&D is critical in delivering the nuclear promise; therefore, an R&D plan must be prioritized based on a clear value proposition. For the existing light water reactor fleet, given the large experience base, the value proposition of high-fidelity tools in the absence of high-fidelity validation data needs to be clearly articulated. With the advent of advanced reactors, a critical question is: Can advanced reactor technology development be accelerated and its economic performance be improved to the point of commercial viability using the existing low-fidelity core analysis methods alone? An advanced reactor core analysis tool development program must always work toward answering this question to realize a successful outcome.