Abstract
Autoimmune orbital diseases are the common cause of orbital inflammatory conditions. They include thyroid eye disease (TED), idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndromes (IOIS), and specific orbital inflammatory diseases. Recent studies showed the key role of TSH receptor antibodies and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) as the main autoantigens in TED. Treatment of active TED with monoclonal anti-IGFR-1 antibody has shown promising results. Several studies highlighted the role of anti-CD20, antitumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of TED and IOIS. Thus, targeted therapy in autoimmune orbital inflammatory diseases is now considered as a promising treatment.
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