Abstract
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is a small- and medium-sized vasculitis characterized by immune complex deposition in various tissues. Cryoglobulins (CGs) are cold precipitable immunoglobulins that redissolve upon heating. Causes of cryoglobulinemia include infections with hepatitis C virus as the leading cause, autoimmune diseases, and lymphoproliferative disorders. Many mechanisms contribute to its pathogenesis, among which there are roles for microorganisms with their molecular mimicry, the rheumatoid factor, and host gene mutations. Other factors reported include adaptive and innate immunity dysregulation, epigenetics, as well as the physicochemical properties of cryoglobulins like hyperviscosity and self-aggregation in type І CG.
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