Abstract
Geminiviruses form the second largest family of plant viruses, the Geminiviridae, represented by four genera: Mastrevirus, Curtovirus, Topocuvirus, and Begomovirus. The majority of diseases caused by geminiviruses are whitefly-transmitted and placed in the genus Begomovirus. During the last two decades these viruses have emerged as devastating pathogens, particularly in the tropics and subtropics, causing massive economic losses and threatening production and food security. Epidemics caused by reemerging and newly emerging geminiviruses are becoming frequent even in regions that were earlier free from these viruses. This chapter outlines the various genera of geminiviruses, their host range, which varies from field crop plants to weed species, and the damage caused. Their morphological, genetic, and chemical composition are discussed in addition to their epidemiological dynamics. Information on their mode of transmission including vectors are captured in this review. Finally, the economic importance through their direct feeding and management of geminiviruses through crop breeding using biotechnological and integrated management approaches are also elucidated.
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