Abstract

In recent years we have seen a rapid increase in our knowledge of the structure, genetics, and mode of action of a number of bacteriocins that are produced by certain strains of lactococci. A number of the new bacteriocins have been purified to homogeneity, allowing their amino acid sequence analysis. The genetic information for both the production of and immunity against a number of lactococcins has been analyzed at the nucleotide level and has revealed that these bacteriocins are processed at their amino-terminal end. In addition to the bacteriocin structural and immunity genes, two genes have been identified that are essential for lactococcin production and, on the basis of protein homology studies, the products of these genes tentatively form a dedicated secretion system for lactococcin.

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