Abstract
Multimedia and videoconferencing systems have achieved significant commercial success in specific applications, such as business meetings, telecommuting, and education. The International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITUT) has developed international standards for real-time digital multimedia communication, including video and data conferencing. This chapter focuses on the most important of these standards, the ITU-T H-series, including H.320 through H.324, and H.310, together with their associated video, audio codes, and component standards, along with the ITU-T T.120 series for data or graphics conferencing and conference control. It also summarizes the target networks, basic video, audio, multiplex, and controls for each standard. Major recent advances together with efforts by manufacturers and industry organizations like International Multimedia Teleconferencing Consortium (IMTC) are able to address the ease of use, interoperability, and costing issues as per consumer's desire. The most important is to develop new insights, which can combine with effective Internet resource allocation mechanisms and may allow a real revolution in the communication tools used everyday.
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