Abstract
This chapter will discuss various immunoassay formats such as competitive immunoassay, sandwich immunoassay etc along with carious detection techniques such as fluorescence, optical detection and chemiluminescent method. Various commercially assay platforms include CEDIA (cloned enzyme donor immunoassay), EMIT (enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique), LOCI (luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay), KIMS (kinetic interaction of microparticles in solution) etc. In addition issues of monoclonal verses polyclonal antibody has also been addressed. In general, monoclonal antibody based immunoassays are more specific for analytes compared to polyclonal antibody based assays. However, immunoassays also suffer from interferences from both structurally related and unrelated molecules. Interferences of drug metabolite with assay intended for parent drug is a common problem. Therefore results obtained by immunoassays must be carefully interpreted with clinical condition of patients and if discrepancy observed between an analyte values measured by an immunoassay with clinical picture, issues of interference must be considered.
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