Abstract
Environmental pollution by anthropogenic hydrocarbons will persist as a global environmental problem into the future. It is caused by detrimental impacts of an unprecedented degree in its scope exploration of natural resources, of which the petroleum hydrocarbons are leading. Today, the scale of pollution of natural environments by oil and oil products is significantly superior to the existing remediation activities. Among the remediation methods applied to oil-contaminated soils, the most sought-after technology is the ecobiotechnology using hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms. Therefore, the fundamental interest in the in-depth study of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, mechanisms of hydrocarbon oxidation, and identification of active biodestructors does not weaken, but rather increases with each passing year. This review deals with the aspects of their adaptations to assimilate hydrophobic substrates, covers the advances and problems relevant to the use of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria in bio-indication of pollution, and also examples of successful bioremediation of oil-contaminated ecosystems using these microorganisms.
Published Version
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