Abstract
Nanoparticulate systems made of biopolymers encompass promising properties as carriers and adjuvant for drug delivery. Alginate is one of the most widely investigated biomaterials in the field of nanoparticulate drug delivery due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and bioadhesivity. Alginate nanoparticles for drug delivery can be prepared through spray drying, ionic gelation, emulsification, covalent cross-linking, polyelectrolyte complexation, self-assembling, etc. These alginate-based nanoparticulate systems have already been employed to control drug delivery using different administration routes like oral, ocular, nasal, parenteral, and mucosal drug delivery. These alginate-based nanoparticulate systems have already been reported to deliver wide array of drugs, enzymes, vaccines, and genes. In the present chapter, the physicochemical properties of alginate, which enabled its use as a pharmaceutical excipient and as nanocarriers in drug delivery, have been reviewed. A special insight has been given on the modern advances of alginate nanoparticles in drug delivery and drug targeting applications. Besides this, limitations of alginate as nanocarriers in drug delivery and the future perspectives on how to augment utilization in the pharmaceutical nanotechnology have also been reviewed.
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