Abstract
Algal-based photosynthetic microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) are emerging sustainable bio-electrochemical systems for bioremediation of the persistent pollutants, which results into waste treatment and energy generation. These systems simultaneously sequestrate and store the carbon and result into the bioelectricity production and biopolymers as value-added products to curb on the greenhouse gases emissions. These systems have proven their supremacy in comparison to MFC when algal biomass production from the sequestrated carbon dioxide of the anodic chamber is considered. These algal-based PMFC has higher productivity in comparison to the terrestrial plants. The present chapter put forward the mechanism and principle of the microalgal carbon sequestration to produce biomass. It also deals with the influencing factors of the PMFC along with future aspects of research in this domain. It also emphasizes on the challenges of the PMFC technology to make it more susceptible for the practical implementation.
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