Abstract

Unlike parallel design studies, the crossover study design is used to compare different treatments or drugs on the same patient/subject sequentially thereby reducing the between-subjects variabilities. Here, all the participants would get all the treatment(s) at some point of time during the trial. The carryover effect and wash-out period of a specified drug(s) or treatment(s) to be used in trials must be clearly known. The term “crossover” has also been used in clinical trials where a patient/participant is “allowed” or given the opportunity to switch over to an alternate treatment arm only if any event (progression or adverse effects) occurs in the initially recruited arm, unlike crossover designed studies. Sensible use of crossover designed studies has numerous advantages over a parallel design trial.

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