Abstract
This chapter provides a brief history and overview of the use of land surface models (LSMs) in hydrologic and drought monitoring. It includes an overview of typical LSMs in terms of model physics and parameterization and then provides an example of LSM-based hydrologic/drought monitoring systems. These systems include the U.S.-focused National Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) drought monitoring system, the Africa-focused Africa Drought Monitor (AFDM), the Climate Prediction Center’s global soil moisture monitoring system, and the National Aeronautics and Space Agency Famine Early Warning Systems Network Land Data Assimilation System. Finally, this chapter provides a quick overview of important limitations that currently exist based on the approach of using LSMs for hydrologic and drought monitoring.
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