Abstract

In order to discuss how sustainable development relates to the scheme of trade regulation, this chapter gives a brief overview of the coverage and scope of the world trade organization (WTO) and its legal framework. The WTOs mission is trade liberalization by reducing barriers to trade and to market access, such as tariffs, quotas and custom rules, but also internal regulations, e.g. subsidies and technical barriers to trade. The chapter then looks at treaty-based ways of accommodating environmental concerns in WTO law. Many WTO agreements contain conditional exceptions for environmental measures. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Article XX (b) and (g) are among the most important environmental provisions. The reconciliation of globalization and liberalization of trade on one side and environmental and social protection on the other is expressed in the concept of sustainable development.Keywords: environmental measures; international law; sustainable development; world trade organization (WTO)

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