Abstract
Graphitization of various carbon materials under pressures and the acceleration of graphitization with the combination of pressure and coexistence of some minerals are reviewed. Under the pressure above 0.3 GPa, non-graphitizing carbons, as well as graphitizing carbons, can be converted to graphite at a temperature above 1600 oC. Under 0.3 GPa in the coexistence of minerals, graphitization of carbon is much accelerated, partial graphitization being observed even at 800 oC in the coexistence of Ca(OH)2. On the basis of these experimental results, the occurrence of graphite in nature is discussed. The structural change due to stress in carbon/carbon composites is also reviewed.
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