Abstract
Membrane separation processes stand out as alternatives to the conventional processes, especially in food industries, owing to its lower energy consumption, lesser processing steps, greater separation efficiency, and improved final product quality. Recently, nanofiltration (NF) membrane process has received great attention as it is excellent in the separation of inorganic salts and small organic molecules at lower pressure compared to the reverse osmosis membrane process. This chapter will begin by looking briefly at the fundamental of NF membranes process, including theory and separation mechanism, followed by a short overview of the recent developments in the NF membrane separation process for dairy, beverage, sugar, wastewater treatment, and vegetable oils industries. Finally, issues and challenges that should be addressed to improve NF membrane process for its application in food industries will be discussed.
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