Abstract
It was around 1960 that an alloy of Nickel and Titanium was discovered by William J. Buehler to have unique property, the “memory” effect. Following the tradition, the alloy was named (Ni)-(Ti)-(NOL) NiTiNOL (Naval Ordinance Laboratory). When I joined the group, I discovered the “Memory” effect is actually based on the transfer of “boson-like” electrons to “fermion-like” states which shows up as “memory-effect.” Subsequently a number of other unique properties were discovered on this alloy. The unique property was that the alloy is totally nonmagnetic, despite the fact it contains 50at.% of Nickel. Also, its biocompatibility with human tissue was as good as stainless steel. Other properties such as super elasticity also emerged. This property is used worldwide in dental care. Most wide use was found in the use as “stents.” Most importantly, both the Ti and Ni are not exotic material such that the devices made from them need not be expensive.
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