Abstract
Numerous magnetoencephalographic (MEG) investigations of the functional organization of the human visual system have been conducted since 1968. MEG can provide sensitive temporal information about sensory and cognitive functions, on the order of milliseconds, and can provide good spatial resolution as well. Early MEG investigations of the visual system attempted to corroborate findings between noninvasive MEG measures and invasive studies in monkeys, because much of the knowledge of the visual system had been gained from these anatomical, lesional, and electrophysiological studies. Invasive studies reveal a number of different areas in the monkey brain that contain different representations of the visual field and which process information in slightly different ways. The MEG studies reviewed in this chapter represent the steps toward the general goal of a noninvasive delineation of visual information-processing pathways in the human brain. Despite reliable reports of gamma band activation in cats and monkeys, it has been more difficult to visualize this activity in humans using MEG. Mental imagery draws on much of the same neural machinery as perception in the same modality, and can engage mechanisms in memory, emotion, and motor control.
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