Abstract
This chapter describes data interpretation and demonstration of reliability. The process of making a statement about a population of items based on the evidence of a sample is known as statistical inference and it involves, therefore the additional concept of confidence level. For illustrating the idea of confidence, an example is provided that shows a distribution of heights of a group of people in histogram from and several examples are presented that analysis failure rates. For analyzing the chi-square test for point estimates of failure rate and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF), it is possible to infer a value, together with a confidence level, if failure rate is assumed to be constant. If a value of χ2 can be fixed for a particular test then the failure rate or MTBF can be stated to lie between specified limits at some confidence value. The lower limit of failure rate is usually set at zero and failure rate of some value or less and it will have a MTBF or greater. Mathematical expressions for demonstrating reliability and failure rate are given and analysis of the data.
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