Chapter 5 - Graphene–Metal Oxide Nanocomposite Modified Electrochemical Sensors

Abstract

Graphene–metal oxide nanocomposites have garnered interest in recent years for the electrochemical sensing of biomolecules. The metal oxide nanostructures-decorated graphene composite exhibit excellent catalytic activity toward biomolecules and also show improved sensitivity and selectivity toward electrochemical sensing. In general, the high activity is attributed to the synergistic action of graphene and metal oxide nanostructures. This chapter focuses on various graphene-based metal oxide nanocomposites employed for the detection of cholesterol, dopamine, glucose, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen. Various synthetic strategies employed for the preparation of the nanocomposites, detection techniques, and their performance toward the biosensors are analyzed. In view of the vast number of literature reports, the chapter will focus on those reports published within the past 5 years. A comprehensive view on the progress of the nanocomposite-based sensor is presented. The merits and demerits of the graphene–metal oxide nanocomposite-based sensor and the future directions to improve the performance in terms of sensitivity and selectivity are emphasized.