Abstract
Energy is expended constantly as long as the body is alive. This chapter discusses the concept of total daily energy expenditure (TEE) and its components. How TEE is influenced by altering the levels of spontaneous and voluntary physical activity (VPA) is discussed. The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is characterized and used as a benchmark by which changes can be measured. Formulas for calculating energy expenditure in the resting state, activities of ordinary living (spontaneous physical activity) and VPA (exercise) are presented, as is a table showing calculated energy expenditure values for various levels of many activities. Persistent conditions (age, gender, chronic obesity) and transient conditions (food intake, drugs, fever-inducing illness) that can affect BMR are noted.
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