Abstract
The Photovoltaic battery (PVB) stand-alone system comprises of a photovoltaic (PV) array, storage battery, and other balance of system components. The PV array is an independent system, where the array voltage and current are changed according to the change, either in the insolation level or in the cell temperature. The battery has a constant voltage with a small voltage drop or over voltage according to the discharging or charging currents and its SOC. In most of the PVB systems control, the current signals are used as an indicator to the energy flow in the system; a validation phases should be present. In this chapter, the PV arrays as well as the storage battery are modeled and their mathematical equation is determined. As a general way, the single solar cell electrical model is discussed based on the different parameters. The battery characteristic equations are introduced in the two operating modes (charge and discharge mode). The proposed PVB system size and the corresponding system configuration are determined. The battery parameters are experimentally measured as well as the load data are taken from actual load profile. The PVB system is simulated based on the INSEL and MATLAB programs. The results show that the battery acts as an energy buffer and the system voltage changes in an acceptable range, which mean that the current signals could deals with the system energy flow.
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