Abstract
Many studies using laboratory animals have demonstrated that exposure to general anesthesia during critical periods of development can be harmful to the immature brain. In particular, preclinical studies have shown that developmental exposure to general anesthetics results in widespread neuronal cell death, as well as long-term deficits in cognitive function. Nevertheless, the ability of general anesthetics to produce similar effects in humans has not been proven. Although many retrospective observational studies in humans have shown an association between developmental exposure to anesthesia and adverse neurobehavioral outcomes, other studies have not. To clarify this relationship, continuing clinical investigations are underway. Likewise, preclinical studies are continuing to explore the potential mechanisms of action responsible for anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity, as well as to identify effective prevention and treatment strategies. This research aims to shed further light upon the phenomenon, allowing for the development of ameliorative or preventative strategies leading to best practice guidance for the protection of public health.
Published Version
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