Abstract
Starch, the most important storage carbohydrate, can be modified into diverse products widely used in food and nonfood industry. With the understanding of the starch biosynthesis and degradation pathways, starches with novel functionalities have been made in planta. These might be used in the future due to their perceived broadening of the range of starch applications, the expected ease of the processing, and the absence of environmental pollution. This chapter focuses on the characterization of modified starches that have been generated using biotechnological approaches around three aspects: (1) synthesis of novel starch by manipulating endogenous genes involved in starch biosynthesis and degradation pathways, (2) the expression of heterologous genes encoding biosynthetic or modifying enzymes to produce designer starches with novel functionalities, and (3) industrial application of improved starches created by biotechnological modification.
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