Chapter 4 - Sampling and Sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis

Abstract

Sampling and sample preparation for the analysis of pollutants in environmental samples are crucial issues since these studies need an appropriate and correct monitoring of the level of the target contaminant/s in various environments, such as wastewater, soil, and air. Furthermore, the direct analysis of the environmental pollutants in complex matrices is a challenging task. Thus the development of facile, rapid, low-cost, environment-friendly, and effective sample preparation approaches is essential prior to the careful analysis of these pollutants.