Abstract
The basic concepts of representative volume elements (RVEs) and unit cells (UCs) are introduced and explained on the geometric basis primarily. Specifically, the RVEs are meant to be employed for problems involving random architecture of the material in the lower length scale. The representativeness of RVEs has been discussed in terms of material properties it is meant to characterise. In contrast to RVE, the UC is always representative as it is meant to fill up the entire space material occupies. The close association of the formulation of UCs with symmetries, in particular, the translational symmetry, has been described, as they will eventually deliver the necessary boundary conditions for the UCs. With only the basic concepts of RVEs and UCs being discussed in the present chapter, the subject will be further developed in chapters to follow, where the detailed elaboration on physical considerations and implementation of the concepts will be provided.
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