Abstract
There is an emerging interest in hempseed due to its high nutritional value and health benefits, especially as state legislatures are loosening use regulations. This chapter targets the nutritional and chemical composition of hempseed in terms of major and minor nutrients, secondary metabolites, and anti-nutritive compounds. The amino acid profile of hempseed protein, fatty acid composition, and unsaponifiable matter of hempseed oil are summarized in detail considering the variation in genotypes and environmental conditions. The proximate composition of carbohydrates, dietary fibers, and minerals in the hempseed is discussed. The secondary metabolites (including phenolic compounds), bioactive peptides from hempseed protein hydrolysates, and cannabinoids are elucidated from the aspects of distribution, molecular weight, and structural characteristics. In the final part of the chapter, the properties of anti-nutritive compounds—such as phytic acid, trypsin inhibitors, cyanogenic glycosides, condensed tannins, and saponins—in the hempseed, flour, and meal are illuminated.
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