Chapter 4: Human Translation Technologies and Natural Language Processing Applications in Meaning-based Translation Learning Activities

Abstract

The chapter describes how human translation (HT) technology and natural language processing (NLP) applications can be of use in the design of meaning-based translation learning activities for a professional translation training course. Meaning-based translation learning activities are part of a new instrumental approach aiming at the operationalization of meaning-based operations (source language understanding, meaning transfer, target language drafting) through iterative and replicable learning tasks. The instrumental approach makes use of HT technology as one of the three groups of translation tools identified by Bowker (2002) which also includes computer-aided translation (CAT), the commonly-used term for machine-assisted translation (MAT), and machine translation (MT), a diminutive of human-assisted machine translation (HAMT). The instrumental approach involves task-based and objectively assessable and replicable learning activities on processing meaning in translation operations. The activities suggested in this chapter are all replicable in different language pairs and involve the processing of meaning by means of HT and NLP applications. They are also measurable in the context of grade-based assessment and traditional (instructional) teaching practices. To the best of our knowledge, those activities with their intensive use of HT and NLP applications have not been suggested elsewhere. The instrumental approach is centered on what technology and tools can do in the resolution of meaning-based translation difficulties and in the validation of correct performing of crucial translation operations.