Abstract
The entropy measures the information needed to describe the system. At all levels of biological organization, there are information “machines” that produce, memorize, transmit, transform and perceive information. The relationship between information and entropy, introduced with Boltzmann's famous equation, makes it understandable that Shannon's expression for biodiversity is strongly related to the entropy expression. The biosphere is a highly probable consequence of the right temperature, the presence of the elements needed for construction of living matter, and sufficient time. Thermodynamically, the biosphere exists because Earth has the elements necessary for construction of life. Organisms have a high content of information that can be translated to free energy and exergy. Ecosystems cannot be replaced; therefore, ecosystem conservation is needed in environmental management context. When an ecosystem is lost, an enormous amount of entropy is produced due to the loss of the huge amount of stored information in ecosystems.
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