Chapter 4 - Biochar and micronutrients availability: problem and future prospects

Abstract

Biochar (BC) is a carbon-rich substance which is made from organic waste, agricultural waste, and wood, has been receiving a lot of attention for its capacity to sequester carbon and enhance soil properties. Plant growth is enhanced, soil fertility is improved, and water retention is boosted. In spite of this, studies are still being conducted on the impact of BC on soil micronutrient availability. Several studies have found that BC affects micronutrient availability and absorption in plants both positively and negatively. It is crucial to consider the kind of BC raw material used, the production environment, and soil qualities, along with the kind of plants used to produce BC in order to achieve these outcomes. It is possible for BC to interfere with micronutrient immobilization, solubility, or leaching because of the complex relationship between BC and soil components. The pH, cation exchange capacity, and microbial activity of soil are also affected by BC, which all affect micronutrient dynamics. BC applications, as well as sustainable farming practices, rely heavily on understanding these intricate interactions. BC and micronutrient availability have been extensively evaluated in the literature, with a particular concern for potential issues arising from its use in agriculture. Additionally, it explores future alternatives for minimizing these issues, including formulation improvements, improved production processes, and synergistic interactions with other soil amendments. We will utilize these routes to maximize BC’s potential for improving soil and plant micronutrient accessibility and agricultural productivity. Research efforts are needed to achieve a better concern of the complicated intercourse among BC minerals, as well as their significance for plant nourishment as a result. Despite climate change, BC could be exploited as a sustainable soil modification by confronting the problems and considering possible future pathways.