Abstract
Aquatic Hemiptera include the semi-aquatic bugs (Gerromorpha) which live primarily on the water’s surface and the aquatic bugs (Nepomorpha) which live submerged beneath the water, along with several other mostly terrestrial groups that live near aquatic habitats. Over 4,800 described species of aquatic Hemiptera occur across all continents except Antarctica, and occupy a diversity of habitats ranging from lakes and streams to seasonal rain pools. Taxa can be large-bodied (up to 11 cm), and most are predatory on other insects or sometimes vertebrate prey. Aquatic Hemiptera evolved terrestrially and invaded aquatic habitats secondarily. This terrestrial groundplan has influenced the evolution of aquatic Hemiptera mating behavior, respiratory physiology, and ecology.
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