Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OVCA) is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers due to its high mortality rate. Although ~70% of OVCA patients initially respond to the first line of treatment, chemoresistance is a major obstacle to a long-term therapeutic success. Dysregulation of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic factors, mutations of tumor suppressor genes, upregulation of oncogenic proteins, as well as the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been shown to contribute to OVCA sensitivity to cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum; CDDP) and its derivatives. Also, these cellular and molecular mechanisms vary from patient-to-patient; hence, making a common and effective treatment an impossible task to achieve. As a result of this heterogeneity in OVCA patients, there is an urgent need to focus on patient-personalized treatment taking into consideration the molecular and cellular profiles of the patient's tumor, biomarkers and other necessary clinical data. This chapter focuses on the multidisciplinary approaches in the study of OVCA chemoresistance and patient-tailored treatments.
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