Abstract
Crack cocaine is highly addictive and its dependence is very difficult to be managed. The prefrontal dysfunction is a hallmark in drug addiction. This chapter brings together studies that start to explore the potential electrophysiological (measured through event-related potential procedure) and cognitive (indexed by event-related potential components) benefits of the prefrontal neuromodulation induced by transcranial direct current stimulation in crack cocaine addiction. Changes on prefrontal activity given by low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography analysis after bilateral direct current stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex depend on whether: (1) it is a real direct current stimulation versus sham stimulation; (2) it is measured after a single session or after repetitive applications; and (3) it is triggered by neutral or drug-related cues. They also show that changes do not only occur in the targeted dorsolateral prefrontal area but also extended to medial prefrontal areas such as the ventral medial prefrontal cortex.
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