Chapter 15 - Mechanisms That Regulate the Expression of Dopamine D1 Receptor in Cocaine Addiction

Abstract

Dopamine receptors, in particular the dopamine D1 receptor subtype, mediate the physiological and behavioral responses elicited by cocaine. Numerous studies have shown that acute and chronic cocaine administration alter the expression of dopamine D1 receptors; however, the mechanisms that mediate the cocaine-induced changes in D1 receptor expression are not well understood. In this chapter the authors summarize what is known about the mechanisms that regulate the expression of D1 receptor mRNA and protein in animal models of cocaine addiction. The general transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational mechanisms that have been reported to regulate D1 receptor expression and their potential relevance to cocaine-induced changes in D1 receptor expression are also discussed. Finally, the role of signaling pathways activated by neurotransmitters and trophic factors implicated in cocaine addiction that might mediate the cocaine-induced changes in D1 receptor expression are speculated on. Understanding molecular mechanisms regulating D1 receptor expression will help identify novel therapeutic targets and approaches to treat cocaine addiction.