Abstract
Calcitonin is a peptide hormone that lowers circulating calcium levels through inhibition of bone resorption. Amylin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are members of the “calcitonin family,” which includes a number of peptides structurally similar to calcitonin that signal through common receptors. The chapter starts with a short overview of calcitonin, CGRP, and amylin and their extraskeletal effects and continues with a main focus on the activities of CGRP and amylin in bone. Early studies found that in general, CGRP and amylin have positive effects in bone, inhibiting osteoclasts and bone resorption and promoting osteoblasts and bone formation. Studies in genetically modified animals found reduced bone density in both CGRP- and amylin-deficient mice, although the impaired underlying mechanisms were different. With an amylin analog currently in clinical use and antibodies against CGRP in late stages of drug development, understanding the skeletal effects of these peptides has important clinical relevance.
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