Abstract
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become increasingly popular as a means of infertility therapy. Since its introduction in 1991, it has been a treatment option for couples with male infertility. However, in recent years, the success rate of ICSI has not substantially improved, despite the introduction of new procedures such as preimplantation genetic screening. Several studies have tried to identify the underlying causes of the limited success rate of ICSI. However, no good explanation has been found yet. In fact, the identification of factors that may influence the implantation of in vitro produced embryos is one of the most studied areas in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Special attention has been given to the effects of the patient’s lifestyle on the outcomes of ART. In addition, there is a growing concern worldwide on male fertility, since the semen quality has declined in the latter half of the twentieth century. It has been suggested that the sperm quality decline over the past years is due to external agents, such as environmental factors, as well as eating habits and lifestyle. Recent studies have focused on the effect of external agents not only on male fertility but also on the ART treatment success. Many factors, such as weight, exercising, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, consumption of drugs of abuse, and other occupational and environmental factors, are reported to be correlated with male fertility. The consumption of caffeine and other eating habits have also been reported to correlate with fertility and ICSI success. The present chapter reviews and discusses the correlation between environmental factors, food intake, and social habits in male patients and its relationship to fertility health and ART outcomes.
Published Version
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